Attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder

ADHD is a disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with daily functioning. It typically begins in childhood and can continue into adulthood. Symptoms include difficulty focusing, forgetfulness, excessive movement, and trouble with self-control. The exact cause is unknown, but genetics, brain structure, and environmental factors play a role. Treatment includes behavioral therapy, psychoeducation, and medications such as stimulants (e.g., methylphenidate, amphetamines) and non-stimulants (e.g., atomoxetine). Lifestyle adjustments, including structured routines and coping strategies, also help manage symptoms.